Watches shall be carried out based on the following bridge and engine-room resource management principles:

1.      Proper arrangements for watchkeeping personnel shall be ensured in accordance with the situations;

2.      Any limitation in qualifications or fitness of individuals shall be taken into account when deploying watchkeeping personnel;

3.      Understanding of watchkeeping personnel regarding their individual roles, responsibility and team roles shall be established;

4.      The master, chief engineer officer and officer in charge of watch duties shall maintain a proper watch, making the most effective use of the resources available, such as information, installations/equipment and other personnel;

5.      Watchkeeping personnel shall understand functions and operation of installations/equipment, and be familiar with handling them;

6.      Watchkeeping personnel shall understand information and how to respond to information from each station/installation/equipment;

7.      Information from the stations/installations/equipment shall be appropriately shared by all the watchkeeping personnel;

8.      Watchkeeping personnel shall maintain an exchange of appropriate communication in any situation; and

9.      Watchkeeping personnel shall notify the master/chief engineer/officer in charge of watch duties without any hesitation when in any doubt as to what action to take in the interest of safety.